الملخص الإنجليزي
Whistleblowers in corruption cases - as well as witnesses, experts - have a load to protect the public interest by exposing corruption, yet they are at risk of retaliation from the criminals. This research is based on a comparative analytical approach, as its problem revolves around how to organize the protection of those subjects in corruption cases at the international, regional levels specially the Gulf level. One of the results of this research is that the Inter-American Convention against Corruption is the first legal document that recognizes the international dimension of corruption, while the European Union directive pushes the issue of protection in corruption cases toward effective application and with a detailed scope. The African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption also focuses on some basic principles of protection in corruption cases, recommending taking various measures to protect those who report crimes. The Arab Anti-Corruption Convention clarifies those covered by protection in corruption cases, with an explanation of the methods of achieving that protection. Finally, the Gulf legislative experience regarding protection in corruption cases was divided into existence of detailed, independent legislation in force, as in Kuwait and Emirates, while there is no such legislation in the Sultanate of Oman that has so far been content with scattered texts in several laws. The research recommends the importance of legalizing a special regulatory framework to protect those concerned in corruption cases, in Saudi Arabia, Oman and Bahrain, in accordance with the international commitment to combat corruption. There is also needed to complement the existing regulatory framework in some Gulf experiences in Kuwait, UAE and Qatar to protect those concerned in corruption cases in order to create a secret specific protection program.
