الملخص الإنجليزي
Habermas said in 1976: The task of universal pragmatists is to identify and reconstruct the general conditions of any possible understanding. In other contexts one also speaks of the universal assumptions (allgemeinen) of communication"; however, I prefer to speak of the universal assumptions of communicative action because I consider the mode of action aimed at understanding a fundamental matter 26. We have to ask here what is "understanding" (Verstandigung) when It has to do with deliberative, 'universal', 'communicative' modus operandi? The first funny aspect we have to record is the transfer of the issue of understanding among speaking humans from the realm of the 'Hermeneutic' tradition - which defined the search for meaning as 'the art of understanding'. Who wants to construct a universal interpretation, a tradition that has remained valid from Schleier scheier to Heidegger and Jad Amer to the horizon of another tradition, that of critical theory in society, where it is not a matter of searching for meaning; rather, by achieving a different kind of activity, It is the 'communicative' act between speakers and active subjects.It is this transition from 'understanding' (in which the question remains expository) to 'understanding' (in which attention becomes deliberative) that Habermas defines his philosophical traits.
