الملخص الإنجليزي
This study aims to identify the theoretical principles of the management by values approach, to explore the possibility of implementing the approach stages in Basic Education schools in the Sultanate of Oman and the obstacles facing the implementation as perceived by school Headmasters, their assistants and senior teachers. Moreover, this study proposes procedures in order to implement the approach of management by values..
To achieve the above aims, the researcher analyzed the literature review related to the approach. Furthermore, a questionnaire was constructed, consisting of (84) items which represented the procedures of the four stages of the management by values approach. These stages are: identifying the main basic values of the school, delivering them to the school and the local society, applying the basic values within transferring these values into the schools and the final step is evaluating the procedures implemented by the schools. The questionnaire included the obstacles facing the implementation of the approach procedures. The sample of the study consisted of (138) Headmasters, (122) assistants of the headmasters, and (154) senior teachers. The samples were selected from two educational governorates and five educational regions, which are Muscat, Dhofar, South and North Al Batinah, AL-Sharqiya South, AL-Dakiliya and AL-Dhahira South.
The data was analyzed statistically by using means, standard deviations, T- test for two independent samples, ANOVA and Scheffer's test for post-hoc comparisons. The most important results of the field study are:
1- The ratings of the members of the study sample regarding the possibility of implementing the management by values approach in basic education schools were of high degree as perceived by the sample members.
2- As regards to the effects of the variables of the study, the following results were obtained:
a- There were statistically significant differences at level a=0.05 between the mean ratings of the sample members attributed to the gender, in favor of females, in three dimensions: identifying basic values of the school, applying main values and evaluating the procedures of management by values in the schools.
b - There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance between the mean ratings of Headmasters and senior teachers in all dimensions, and between assistants of Headmasters and senior teachers in all dimensions also. In both cases, the differences were in favor of Headmasters and their assistants.
C- There are statically significant differences at level a=.05 of significance between the ratings of the sample members attributable to their qualifications in all the steps of the dimensions in favor of those with intermediate diploma. d- There are statically significant differences at level a=0.05 of significance between the ratings of the sample members attributable to their experience in all the steps of the dimensions. For instance, Members with long experience (13 years or more) had better ratings than short experienced members (1-6 years).. e- There are no statistically significant differences at level a=0.05 of significance attributable to the educational region in the ratings of all the steps of dimension in relation to the previous four factors. f- There are astatically significant differences at level a=0.05 of significance in all attributable to the school type in favor of schools with classes 1-4 in the rating of all the steps of dimensions of management by values between sample members. 3- The ratings of sample members towards possible obstacles facing the implementation of the management by values in Basic Education schools in Oman were of moderate degree. According to the literature reviews analysis and the fieldwork results, the study proposes a number of procedures for each step of the four dimensions, in order to implement successfully the approach of management by values in Basic Education schools in the Sultanate of Oman and reduce future obstacles. Some of the most important proposed procedures are: involving representatives of students and members of the Omani society within the schools such as parents to identify the present school values, facilitate human and material resources of the schools in delivering its vision, mission, and the school basic values among the school members and members of the local society. Moreover, the study also suggests training the school staff in areas such as: strategies of problem solving like People Oriented Problem Solving "POPS", Gap Alignment Action Plan "GAAP" and Performance Management Process "PMP".
