الملخص الإنجليزي
The Study addresses the withdrawal of British military forces from the Arabian Gulf, the reasons behind this withdrawal, the reactions, and positions of the countries with regard to the British government's decision and its impact on the region during the period from 1968 until 1971. The researcher followed the descriptive historical approach and the analytical approach in her study. She depended on documents and sources as well as the available modern historical, political, and economic references.
The study is divided into: introduction, three chapters and a conclusion. In the introduction, the researcher presents a brief about the Britisi Arabian Gulf, the reasons to be in the Gulf Area as well as the political situations of the Arab Gulf Countries during the period of the British presence until 1945. The first chapter talks about Britain and the Arabian Gulf after World War II, the change of the British policy towards the Gulf, and the reasons behind such change. It also talks about the development of the British strategy in the region. The second chapter discusses how and why the British withdrew from the Arabian Gulf, the reactions caused by the withdrawal and the changes resulted val from the Arabian Gulf. The third chapter focuses on the Gulf region after the British actual withdrawal, Iran's occupation of the three Arab islands, the independence of the Gulf States, the establishment of the United Arab Emirates and the problem of border disputes between the Gulf States.
The study concludes with the following findings: the increasing importance of the Arabian Gulf for Britain especially after the discovery of oil. The study reveals that the UK was forced to develop its policy and strategy in the Gulf to some challenges such as the existence of the United States as rival, the growing political awareness and opposition movements in the Arab region as well as the increasing national sentiment. The study also shows that those challenges along with the pressures within the United Kingdom itself had a role in placing pressure on Britain to withdraw from the region. The study concludes that the British presence in the region was then represented only politically and economically, without any military presence. The study shows that the most important results of the British troops withdrawal from East of Suez was the independence of the Gulf States and obtaining international recognition.
