English abstract
Bioactivity-guided fractionation of Commiphora wighti, Bhandari (Burseraceae) detected antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans at 500 ug/ml in the chloroform and ethyl acetate eluted fractions. Chloroform eluted fractions of the extract of H. tuberculatum (Forsskal) Fiori (Rutaceae) showed strong activity against brine shrimp larvae with LD so volue of 3.5 ug/ml. Further purification of the bioactive fractions of C. wightii extracts isolation of known flavanoids, naringenin 15 and 3-hydroxynaringenin 16 from a species of Commiphora for the first time. Naringenin and 3-hydroxynaringenin showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aureginosa at 250 ug/ml and 500 ug/ml, respectively. In DPPH free radical assay, 3-hydroxynaringenin showed the best anti oxidant activity with %IP of 66. The structure of 15 and 16 were determined by spectroscopic analysis, The GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from steam distillation of the aerial part of fresh Haplophyllum tuberculatum resulted in the identification of 30 constituents. The six major constituents of the oil were identified as B-phelladrene (23.27%), l limonene (12.59%), trans-ocimene (12.29%), B-caryophyllene (11.58%), myrcene (11.25%), and a phellandrene (10.92%). The oil was antimicrobial to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella sp., Candida albicans and Bacillus subtilis, with inhibition zones in the range of 18 mm to 7 mm.
