English abstract
Ionising radiation has deleterious effects on human cells. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and
cysteine, the active metabolite of NAC, are well-known radioprotective agents. Recently, a serine-magnesium sulfate
combination was proposed as an antidote for organophosphate toxicity. This study aimed to investigate the use of
a serine-magnesium sulfate mixture in the prevention of γ-radiation-induced DNA damage in human lymphocytes
as compared to NAC and cysteine. Methods: This study was carried out at the Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran, Iran, between April and September 2016. Citrated blood samples of 7 mL each were taken from 22 healthy
subjects. Each sample was divided into 1 mL aliquots, with the first aliquot acting as the control while the second
was exposed to 2 Gy of γ-radiation at a dose rate of 102.7 cGy/minute. The remaining aliquots were separately
incubated with 600 μM concentrations each of serine, magnesium sulfate, serine-magnesium sulfate, NAC and
cysteine before being exposed to 2 Gy of γ-radiation. Lymphocytes were isolated using a separation medium and
methyl-thiazole-tetrazolium and comet assays were used to evaluate cell viability and DNA damage, respectively.
Results: The serine-magnesium sulfate mixture significantly increased lymphocyte viability and reduced DNA
damage in comparison to serine, magnesium sulfate, NAC or cysteine alone (P <0.01 each). Conclusion: The
findings of the present study support the use of a serine-magnesium sulfate mixture as a new, non-toxic, potent and
efficient radioprotective agent.
