English abstract
Damage is the mainstay of civil liability and its mainstay, so where there is no damage, there is no compensation, on the basis of which liability is established, and according to it the compensation is estimated. Damage is a violation of the right or legitimate interest of the injured party and in all its forms and conditions requires compensation, as long as it is real, direct and personal. In addition, if the predominant form of harm is the harm that befalls the one who has been affected by the same harmful act, then it has another form that is represented in the harm that affects a person by reflecting or recoiling from the harm suffered by another person with whom he has a relationship of a special kind. If the legal position of the original victim has become very clear in terms of the factors influencing it, then determining the legal status of the injured by reflection still raises many problems in this regard, most notably "the extent of the permissibility of protesting against the injured by reflection by fault of the original victim." In this research, we have presented the position of jurisprudence and judiciary. The research concluded that the apostate damage, although it is an independent damage from the original damage, is related to it in terms of the unity of the incident that caused them. This link cast a shadow over the problem under study. The outcome of the opinion in this regard is that the mistake of the original victim is not considered in repelling or reducing liability unless this mistake is unforgivable or intentional or constitutes the only cause of the accident.
