English abstract
The new millennium is witnessing fundamental transformations in human communication, especially in terms of digitalization and the integration of communication technology. These transformations represent a challenge for researchers in development media, as more questions were raised in front of them than answers were provided. In theory, the media had to work in harmony with the other elements of growth to move the poor countries to modernization and then to progress. In practice, the majority of these countries, which invested huge sums of money in the media infrastructure, realized very late that there is a wide gap separating their systems. information compared to its counterparts in developed countries. It is unable to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development, and therefore it has failed to achieve the many development goals that have been assigned to it for decades. It has become certain that the development media party has witnessed in recent years a continuous decline and important theoretical transformations, the most prominent of which is the abandonment of the theory of modernization and the economic growth model that has been dominating research and practices in it for a long time, which viewed development as institutional efforts flowing from top to bottom, adopting New theoretical approaches in which development initiatives flow from the bottom up and return power and strength in development to individuals, groups and local communities, not just to governments.
