English abstract
Historically reliant on fossil fuels for their economy, the Middle Eastern countries are now determined to foster an increased share of renewable energy (RE) in their total energy production. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) nations, such as Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and United Arab Emirates, have each set different strategic goals of producing certain share of their total energy from renewable sources within the next two decades. This paper reviews the recent progress in RE expansion, in general, and solar energy programs, in particular, within the GCC region. Among all forms of alternate energy, solar power is a preferred choice for its relatively advanced technology and seemingly limitless potential in the region, daily average solar radiation typically exceeding 6kWh/m2 with 80-90% clear skies throughout the year. The Arabian Peninsula is witnessing a steady growth in the following key sectors: utility-scale solar power plants, solar desalination industry, and solar photovoltaic manufacturing facilities. Assessment of how locally established research-driven technology clusters and key market players play a role in rapid deployment of RE technology are also identified. Status of planned RE projects is reviewed, challenges facing the industry are investigated and country-wise reflected share is presented.
