English abstract
This thesis presents a comprehensive geochemical and sedimentological analysis
of the Khufai Formation within the Neoproterozoic Nafun Group in Oman, focusing on
two key outcrops: the Huqf area (Khufai East Dome) and Wadi Hajer. Detailed
sedimentological logging was conducted along depositional dip profiles in both sections,
emphasizing color, lithology, grain components, bed thickness, bed contact nature, lateral
continuity, and fossil content. A total of 303 fresh carbonate samples were collected and
classified into bindstone, Wackestone and mudstone facies based on field observations
and petrographic studies.
Using XRF analysis, the elemental composition of each sample was determined,
identifying over 42 elements. Key elements such as silicon, cadmium, strontium, and
calcium were used as proxies to differentiate between the proximal (Huqf area) and distal
(Wadi Hajer) parts of the formation. The analysis revealed that silicon concentration
trends indicate the Huqf outcrop as the proximal part and Wadi Hajer as the distal part.
Additionally, the XRF technique proved effective in identifying periods of regression and
transgression, further enhancing our understanding of the Khufai Formation's
paleoenvironmental and depositional history.
Another primary objective of this study was to compare the XRF results with
previous carbon-13 isotope studies. By comparing these results with carbon-13 isotope
data, the study aims to better understand the depositional environment and sea-level
changes. This integration of field and laboratory data not only clarifies the depositional
dynamics of the Khufai Formation but also demonstrates the utility of geochemical
proxies in paleoenvironmental reconstruction. The findings provide significant insights
into the sedimentological and geochemical processes that shaped the formation,
contributing to broader geological knowledge and potential hydrocarbon exploration
strategies in the region.
