English abstract
This study aimed to clarify the importance of Ibadi movement (Dawa) in Basra, and their active role in functioning the historical events and its relation with the Islamic state along with Islamic movements at that time. Indeed, It sheds light on the secret Islamic party founded by Imam Abu Shatha Jabir bin Zayd Al-azdi, and elaborated by Imam Abu Ubayda Muslim ibn Abi Karima.It focuses on the expansion of movement by the vital role of Ibadi scholars "Hamalat Alim" and their successful contributions to exten outside Basra .The researcher follows up in this study an extrapolation method of analysis and comparison among the historical and jurisprudential Ibadi stories and opinions that are related to Ibadi movement. The researcher also criticizes some narratives and attempts to reconcile them.
This study consists of the preface and four chapters. Essentially, it introduces the social and cultural environment in Basra in the first and second centuries of the prophet migration and its impact on the movement. In the first chapter, the researcher profoundly follows up the characteristics of political developments in the Islamic state and its impact on the emergence of Ibadi movement. That period was through the emergence of the issue of succession (Khalafa) till the incident of the arbitration (Muhakkima) that leads to the emergence of compromisers and militants (Qalada Al-Matadalin). In the second chapter, the researcher elucidates the emergence of Abdullah bin Ibod and his political and spiritual role in extending the Ibadi. Besides that, the researcher concentrates on the relationship which involving Jabir bin Zayd Al-uzdi with Ibadi in the confidential stage, and his role in founding the secret Ibodi religious teaching organization in Basra. However, in the third chapter, the researcher mentions Imam Abu Ubayda Muslim ibn Abi Karima and his leadership to Ibadi movement and his role in the development of its regulations and its private methods. Moreover, the chapter points out the secret classification councils which Imam Abu Ubayda put. In the fourth chapter, the researcher specifies the role of thodi scholars or campaign of science "Hamalat Alim" and their roles in the proliferation of Ibadi movement outside Basra. Certainly, the researcher pursues the Ibodi scholars activities in Yemen, Oman and North Africa. In the conclusion, the researcher defines the most important points that have been mentioned through this study, the most important ones are: the Ibadi movement was founded by Imam Jabir bin Zayd Al-azdi (first Ibadi Imam).Secondly, the lbödi movement was developed by his successor, Abu Ubayda Muslim ibn Abi Karima Al-Tamimi who contributed in creating di scholars or campaign of science "Humalat Alim" In fact, these factors have facilitated the spread of Ibodi movement (Dawn), and the establishment of the entitled Ibadi Imamat (States) in Yemen, Oman and Morocco (north Africa). Above all, loadi scholars or campaign of science "Hamalat Alilm" were the most important factor that helped the survival of Ibadi and assured its permanence.
