English abstract
The aim of this study is to examine the direction of the self-concept dimensions, level of stress and the level of family adjustment for mothers, compare between employed and unemployed mothers according to the self-concept dimensions, level of stress and the level of family adjustment. This study aims to find out the relation between the selfconcept dimensions and the level of stress. It also aims to identify the relation between the self-concept dimensions and the level of family adjustment. This study is based on the descriptive approach to achieve these aims. Its tools include three scales, which are the Scale of elder people's self-concept (Ismael, Ghali, 1961), the Scale of measuring the level of stress, and the Scale of measuring the level of the family adjustment prepared by researcher. The tools were applied after I had made sure of their Reliability Coefficientbelieve arbitrators and of their stability through measuring the (alfa cronbakh). The sample of this study consists of 200 working mothers and 30 nonworking mothers. The most important findings reached by the field study are as follows: 1. The sample of this study, which consists in the working and non-working mothers, is characterized by a positive self-concept regarding the six self-concept dimensions which include the realistic self-concept, the concept of normal person, the ideal selfconcept, the measurement of spacing, the self-acceptance measurement and the measurement of acceptance with others.
2. There are no differences relevant to statistics at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between working and nonworking mothers upon the dimensions of self-concept: realistic self- concept, the concept of normal person, the ideal self-concept, the measurement of spacing, the self-acceptance measurement. But There are differences relevant to statistics at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between working and non-working mothers upon measurement of acceptance with others for the benefit of working mothers.
3. The level of stress is slight in the research sample as per the total mark of this level. Its scores upon the fields of measurement indicate that the level of stress are average in the personal and job fields. As per the fields of health, economy and family this level is slight.
4. There are no differences relevant to statistics at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between working and nonworking mothers upon the level of stress in the total mark of measurement and the whole fields of measurement except the measurement of family field in which the level of family stress is higher for working mother than for non-working.
5. As per the total mark of the family adjustment measurement which refers that its level upon the research sample is high. As for the adjustment with husbands, its level is
high; whereas its level is average in accordance with the relation with children and relatives.
6. There are no differences relevant to statistics at the level (α ≤ 0.05) between working and nonworking mothers upon the level of family adjustment regarding all corners and total mark of measurements.
7. There is a negative integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the realistic self-concept, the ideal self-concept and the level of stress. There is a positive integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the spacing measurement, the self-acceptance measurement and the level of stress.There is no integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the concept of normal person, the measurement of acceptance with others and the level of stress.
8. There is a positive integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the ideal self-concept and the level of family adjustment. There is a negative integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the self-acceptance measurement, spacing measurement and level of family adjustment. There is no an integral correlation relevant to statistic approach between the concept of normal person, the ideal selfconcept, measurement of acceptance with others and the level of family adjustment. 9. 31% of the reasons of stress based on the dimensions of self-concept and 37% of the reasons of the family adjustment related to the dimensions of self-concept. The dimension of realistic self-concept has the highest impact of interpretation of the levels of stress and family adjustment.
