English abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Myocardial infarction (MI) is one of the common cardiovascular conditions in the world. A total of 17.5 million people died from cardiovascular diseases worldwide in 2015. In Oman, CVDs are estimated to account for 33% of total deaths. Purpose: To assess the information needs, prevalence of depression, examine the sleep quality among post MI patients in selected tertiary hospitals in Oman. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 180 patients who are post MI diagnosis, and attending the cardiology outpatient units at Royal Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital. The Arabic version of the Cardiac Learning Needs Inventory (
MCLNI) was used to measure the post MI patients' information needs. The Arabic version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to assess the sleep quality and the Arabic version of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) was used to assess the depression among participants. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (Multivariable regression) were used for data analysis. Results: The response rate was 99.4%. Out of the 180 participants, 68.3% were male, 77.2% were married, and 61.7% had no formal education. The mean age and monthly income were 62:11.3 years and 431.32658 Omani Rials, respectively. The majority of participants were nonsmokers (91.1%), overweight or obese (61.1%) and not engaged in physical exercise (68.3%). The commonest comorbidities were dyslipidemia (78.9%), coronary artery disease (77.2%), hypertension (69.4%), and Diabetes (58.3%). Overall, the majority had high cardiac information needs (93. 9%). The highest information needs were in the categories of medication (M= 4.84; SD=0.43), anatomy and physiology (M=4.77; SD=0.61), diet (M=4.72; SD=0.60), risk factors (M = 4.70; SD= 0.630), whereas the physical activity was rated as the lowest (M = 4.44; SD= 0.77). The results show that 63.2% of participants had poor sleep quality and the average global PSQI score was 6.95. Participants had problems in sleep duration, sleep latency and sleep disturbance components (M= 1.47, M=1.38 and M=1.33, respectively). Overall, the majority had minor depression 171(95%) and a few 9(5%) had major depression. The average total of PHQ-9 score was 5.44. A standard multiple regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between information needs, sleep quality and depression. The results indicated that R2=0.313, adjusted RS=0.088, F (9.62), p=0.000) and there was a significant positive association between global PSQI score and total learning needs (B= 1.60; p=0.002) and there was a significant negative association between total depression score and total learning needs (B=-1.62; p=0.000). Conclusions: Post MI patients have high information needs in critical aspects related to the current management of their disease and prevention of complications. This is evident in information needs such as risk factors, medications, diet and psychological factors. The majority of post MI patients have poor sleep quality, but have minimal depressive symptoms or minor depression. Hence, there is a need for tailored pre discharge patient education and cardiac rehabilitation to address these information needs, sleep quality and depression of patients after MI. Keywords: Myocardial infraction; Information needs; Depression; Sleep quality; Oman.
