Since the start of the third millennium, the world passed the juncture of severe population growth. The combination of increased women»s education, national and international support for population policies, and expanded economic and social development has led to low popula tion growth rates in many countries of the world. However, population growth remained high in certain countries in the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and Central and North Africa, which are still growing at relatively high rates. This increas ing population growth resulting from the natu ral increase in some countries and from exter nal migration in other countries (especially the workers category) led to the creation of a set of security challenges. Recently, researchers have begun to develop clearer answers to questions about how demographic shifts resulting from population growth affect security.