The scope of international humanitarian law is not restricted to protection of the physical entities but also the moral ones. Cultural property is considered as a reflection of people's identity, history, and a part of their dignity and entity. Therefore, the international society has focused the bulk of its attention on that aspect. This thesis aims to clarify the rules and terms of cultural property protection during armed conflicts according to Hague Convention of 1954 and the two additional protocols thereof of 1954 and 1999. It is addressed in three chapters proceeded by an introductory chapter about the historical development of cultural protection throughout history. In the first chapter, the legal framework is discussed in terms of the concept, ways of protection, its provisions and scope. The second chapter elaborates on roles of states and international institutions in protecting cultural property. Finally, the third and last chapter explains the international liability resulting from the violation of the cultural property rules and provisions with reference to States (civil liability) and individuals (criminal liability) and their legal jurisdiction. Applicable recommendations are also proposed based on the findings of this thesis