Shareholders in public joint-stock companies gain several rights considering they are the owners of the capital and enjoy the highest authority. Given the legal nature of public joint-stock company and their impact on the national economy and its shareholders the legislator intervention to regulate the relationship between the shareholders and the company to set the regulations that determine his rights and to indicate the limits of the powers of the board of directors in managing the company in a manner that does not affect those rights was crucial. This study aims to clarify the nature of those rights and the impact of the regulations governing them, as well as the effect of the rules and principles of corporate governance in securing the legal protection for shareholders, which will be through the legal concept of a shareholder in the joint-stock company and indicating his legal status in the company and how it differs from other statuses, the role of corporate governance rules and principles in protecting the shareholders rights and the impact of their implementations, as well as regulations related to shareholders financial right, such as the right to collect profits, the right to dispose of shares and the right to the company's assets upon liquidation, Additionally this research will define the non-financial or administrative rights that shareholders acquire by joining as a member of the General Assembly in a company such as the right to participate in the general meetings and the auditing rights over the company works. Finally, this research also aims to clarify the legal regulations related to the protection of minority shareholders from arbitrary decisions that may be taken by the majority of shareholders. This study concluded with several findings and recommendations. The most important of which is that due to the nature of the public joint-stock company, most of the shareholders are not interested in exercising any of the rights assigned to them, for example, the non-financial rights _ despite their importance_. This may give an impression of their insignificance, therefore, leading to ease of infringement by other parties in the company. For that reason, it is a requirement for countries to strengthen legal regulations that establishes the rights of shareholders and address the imbalance to ensure that all these shareholders enjoy all those rights without discrimination