Oman has contributed to build the Arabic and Islamic civilization. It has great scholar in various sciences from the first century of Al-Hegira until now. Omani publications in jurisprudential, art and history sciences are the best evidence of this contribution. From the beginning of twentieth century, Oman has seen cultural and scientific renaissance which represented in educational institutions such as schools, mosques, libraries and the house of knowledge which have spread in throughout Oman as well as Schaller, writers, and diverse publications. The importance of this study is represented in the search for the aspects of cultural life in Oman at that time. Its importance also highlights the scientific heritage. The main aim of this study are the study of Omani political situation in that time and its role flourishing cultural institutions which existing at that time such as mosques, libraries, al-subal (councils) and the homes of Schaller and its contribution to enriching cultural life and highlighting the aspects of intellectual and scientific life during the period of the study and that by tracking scholar, writers, poets and transcriber who lived through the period of the study and they had a clear role in cultural and science life. Lastly, the disclosure of the scientific and intellectual production which has emerged during the study period. The study depended on several of sources and references which include the study or part of it. There are many of documents which have relevant to the topic. For the realization of the importance of this study, the researcher has taken in her tracking descriptive analytical historical methodology which divided this study into preface and three chapters. Preface took the dominant situation in twentieth century before the period of the study. Chapter one deals the political situation in Oman during the period(1338/ 1920- 1373/1954) while chapter two focuses on jurisprudential, scholar, writers and editors who appeared in that period. The third chapter specialized on Omani scientific and intellectual production in that time. Whereas, it was taken up the publications and its classification into several types of legal and juristic sciences publications and linguistic and art sciences, also genealogy and history books. The study ended by conclusion which reached the number of the scholar in the period of the study which reached more than 86 they divided in 43 scholar, 20 writers and 2) transcriber. The numbers of books during the period of the study are 88 books.