The researcher has presented this letter to Nizwa University, College of Art, Arabic Language Department, to fulfill the requirements of having Master degree in Modern Literature. This study includes a preface and three chapters. The researcher talks about the short story and its origination and definition. He also talks about the forms of art before short stories. The first chapter is about the meaning of the traditional heritage and it is divided into four fields. He represents the meaning of the traditional heritage lingually and idiomatically in the first field and in the second field he talks about the traditional heritage and its impact on forming the Arabic literature. Yet, in the third field, he represents the traditional heritage of the short stories in the Arabian Gulf whereas the traditional heritage of the short story in Sultanate of Oman is represented in the forth field. In the second chapter, the researcher represents the subjects of the traditional heritage in the Omani short stories and this chapter is divided into four fields. In the first in field, he talks about the traditional story and the second includes the traditional proverb and song. The believes and the traditional habits is represented in the third field whereas the the forth field includes the. Every field is divided into three divisions, the first is a about the definition lingually and idiomatically, the second is about the reasons of employing every subject and the third includes the templates. The third chapter includes analyzing a group of Omani short stories( applied comparison in selected templates) and it is divided into three fields. The first one is about the traditional place in the Omani short stories and the second is about the traditional time in the Omani short story. The third field is about the characters of the short story. The researcher uses the descriptive analytic method and he chooses some of the short stories that talk about the Omani heritage. The methodology that the researcher uses is to read some Omani short stories and analyze them and explore how much it has from the heritage. The Omani short story has deep roots in the heritage and it is our duty to bring out our heritage and study it.