Purpose. Many studies have pointed out the role of psychological preparation in accomplishing the best outcomes, as well as the value of their achievement orientations in motivating them to reach higher levels of performance, particularly in competitive settings. The purpose of this study was to evaluate elite football players' level of mental toughness and to understand the nature of their achievement orientations in sport. It also aimed to explore the relationship between mental toughness and achievement orientations. Methods. To achieve these goals, a mental toughness scale and sport orientation scale were administered to a sample consisting of 61 first-league players, including members of Oman's national team.The results of the study revealed that the level of the mental toughness of the participants was within the average limits (m = 2.30 ± 0.26) and that the task orientation is the most dominant achievement orientation compared to win and competitiveness orientations (m = 4.75 ± 0.41). The study also revealed the existence of positive statistically significant relationships between the mental toughness scale and its five dimensions at (P˂0.01). There are also statistically significant relationships between the five dimensions of mental toughness and the three dimensions of achievement orientations at (P0.05). Conclusion. The study concluded that the most important characteristics of mental toughness among elite football players in the Sultanate of Oman are the ability to handle pressure and ability to cope with mistakes and the ability to focus and attention, and that the level of motivation is the most important characteristic of players with a task orientation and win orientation. Finally, it recommended that the results of this study should be considered as a guide to building psychological preparation programs for elite players in the Sultanate of Oman.