This study aimed to identify the personality traits and achievement Orientations of the elite female athletes in the Sultanate of Oman, and to identify the relationship between their personality traits and their achievement orientations. The study also aimed to explore the impact of the types of sport and years of experience on the personal traits and on achievement orientations among the elite female athletes. Arabic version of the Big Five Personality Traits Questionnaire by (Costa and Macree 1992) and Goal Orientation Questionnaire by (Gill & Deeter, 1988) were administered on Sixty-three elite female athletes from different sports areas (Volleyball, Basketball, Handball, Sailing, Bowling, Athletics and Taekwondo). Participant's demographic data were also collected. The result of the study revealed that conscientiousness trait was rated high by the respondents and came at the first place, extraversion occupied the second place, agreeableness came at third place, followed by the openness to experiences which came in the fourth place, and neuroticism at fifth place. Regarding achievement orientations, goal orientation ranked first, competitive ranked second, while winning orientation ranked third among achievement orientations. The results also explored that there were a positive relationship between personality traits and achievement orientations, while it explored that there were no significance differences in personality traits and achievement orientations according to the variables of sport type and the years of experience.