This study aims to improve and strengthen the Sultanate of Oman's arbitration system by highlighting instances of invalid arbitral awards and their forms so that arbitrators can avoid them during the arbitration proceedings or when drafting arbitration agreements. And it also aims to highlight the legislative deficiencies regarding the issue of permissibility of return to arbitration again with the same arbitration agreement, and to bring that to the Sultanate of Oman's legislators' attention. Where the researcher identified the research issues, which relate to the scope of the permissibility of returning to arbitration again with the same arbitration agreement after the arbitration ruling has been awarded, and the scope of filing a lawsuit while an arbitration provision is present in this case. I have adopted the comparative analytical descriptive approach to examine the subject and highlight its essential features. The thesis is divided into the following sections: The introductory topic: the concept of the arbitration award, and its effects. The First Research: Scope of the arbitration agreement after the invalidity of the arbitration award has been adjudged due to a reason related to the arbitration agreement. Chapter (1) : Instances of invalidity of the arbitral award based on the arbitration agreement. Chapter (2): the scope of the permissibility of returning to arbitration once again after the invalidity of the arbitration award has been adjudged due to a reason related to the arbitration agreement. The need to amend some provisions of the Oman Arbitration Law in Civil and Commercial Disputes issued by Royal Decree No. (47/1997) is one of the study's most notable findings. The most significant of these amendments is the addition of a provision to address the legislative shortcomings of the practical issue – which the study has addressed.