Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC) exhibit urbanization patterns that are part of a global trend driven by globalization, industrialization, modernization, and marketization. In line with this, the growth of urbanization has generated a keen interest in the discourse on social sustainability, especially in response to the increased social and economic inequalities that urbanization often brings about. This thesis examined the impacts of urbanization on social sustainability within three geographies in the Al Seeb Wilaya of Muscat, Oman, namely, Al-Sharadi, Al-Khoud 6, and Al-Mouj. Each of these geographies exhibits varying levels of urbanization, with Al-Mouj displaying the highest level and Al-Sharadi the lowest. The dimensions of social sustainability considered in this thesis encompass multiple aspects, including satisfaction with the quality of the neighbourhood as a place to live, satisfaction with housing, social interaction and integration, availability of meeting and gathering places, sense of security, and connections to place. This thesis also examines the relationship between gender, age, income, housing ownership, and length of residence with the dimensions of social sustainability. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire distributed to a random sample of 529 individuals residing in the aforementioned geographies of interest. This was supplemented by in-depth focus-group interviews and observations. Key findings indicate that geographies with higher levels of urbanization tend to exhibit greater social sustainability in terms of neighbourhood quality, satisfaction with housing, and overall safety. Conversely, less urbanized geographies tend to have higher levels of social interaction and integration. Furthermore, monthly income was positively associated with satisfaction with housing and neighbourhoods. This thesis concludes with a set of recommendations aimed at promoting social sustainability within the Al Seeb Wilaya of Muscat, Oman. A key recommendation is the development of a place-based policy framework for social sustainability that focuses on social cohesion.