An infusion of the plant of Dodonaea viscosa (D. viscosa) was used by the Omanis and other nations to cure a variety of ailments for many years. The plant was considered as a laxative, spasmolytic, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and hypotensive agents. D. viscosa is a species of plant belonging to the Sapindaceae family. Other species of this family have been similarly used to treat a wide variety of illnesses. Very little is known of the active constituents of any of these plants, particularly D. viscosa, a native Omani plant. The biochemical evaluation of the selected plant extracts showed that the selected plant contains oils and fats, heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, tricyclic flavonoids, steroidal compounds, cyclic and acyclic phenolics, pentacyclic saponins, tannins, mucilage, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, cardiac glycosides, and different trace elements. The previous in-vivo and in vitro different pharmacological studies of the plant extracts showed that the selected plant has significant antidiabetic, antimicrobial, insecticidal, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antifertility, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-ulcer, antispasmodic, anti-diarrheal and detoxification effects. According to the literature, the selected plant showed potential biological activities, and it is available throughout Oman; however, only limited research work conducted and published on the selected plant in the scientific journal. Therefore, our present intention is to review the biological and bioactive constituents of the locally grown potential medicinal plant of Dodonaea viscosa which is used as a folk medicine. In conclusion, the isolated compounds from the selected plant or plant extracts could be used as medicine to treat illness.