Trypanosomes are flies-transmitted haemoprotozoan parasites that infect mammals, including camels worldwide, and cause high economic losses in domestic livestock. In the Middle East region, Trypanosoma evansi (the causing agent of surra disease) and T. vivax (the causing agent of nagana disease) are the only two existing species due to the presence of their mechanically transmitting flies(Tabanus, Stomoxys). However, few studies on camel trypanosomes in the Sultanate of Oman, especially Al-Batinah region, raised the alarm of their impact on livestock. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the active prevalence and seroprevalence rates besides the type of trypanosomes species, morphometric measurements and predisposing risk factors of trypanosomes existing in this region. Additionally, some hematological profiles (pack cell volume, total protein) were evaluated between infected and healthy camels and validate the card agglutination test for T. evansi (CATT/T. evansi) based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 45 camel farms located in nine regions of the South and North Al-Batinah Governorates. A total of 425 dromedary blood samples were collected and examined by stained thin blood film (TBF), hematocrit centrifugation technique (HCT), serological (CATT/T. evansi), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using different specific primers. A questionnaire was structured to collect host and environmental data associated with trypanosomes prevalence during sample collection. The data was analyzed by various statistical tests based on the variable's characteristics. Trypanosoma evansi is the only species in Al-Batinah Governorates. The overall prevalence based on TBF, HCT and PCR (TBR) was 1.4% (6/425, CI: 3.1-0.7%), 2.1% (9/425, CI: 3.9-1.1%) and 13.9% (59/425, CI: 17.5-10.9%) respectively, whereas the viii seroprevalence was 19.5% (83/425, CI: 16.0-23.6%). Al-Batinah South recorded the highest PCR prevalence, 19.3% (17/88), compared to the North region, 12.5% (42/337), while the highest seroprevalence was in Al-Musannah at 41.7% (10/24), and the lowest was in Al Khaburah at 10.5% (6/57). The active prevalence and seroprevalence of the camels without ticks' infestation (19.7%, 26.3%) and young camels (<5 years) (15.9%, 27.3%) showed higher risks in association with the disease compared to other factors. Also, high PCR prevalence and seroprevalence values were found in leisure riding camels 16.7% (18/108) and racing camels 30.2% (16/53), respectively. The PCV for the PCR positive cases was significantly lower (27.8% ± 3.55) than those of the negative cases (29.9% ± 3.74), while the total protein in seropositive camels revealed a significant high value (6.49 ± 0.75) compared to the seronegative one (6.25 ± 0.55). The morphometric measurements indicated mean total length of the T. evansi, including the free flagellum, was 18.5 ± 3 µm. The most important finding of this study is the detection of type B T. evansi (that lacks RoTat 1.2 variant surface glycoprotein) in the country, limiting the accuracy of CATT/T. evansi and produced false-negative results. The potency of TBF, HCT and CATT/T. evansi in detection of T. evansi based on PCR (TBR primers) showed poor agreement (κ = 0.16, p = 0.001), fair agreement (κ = 0.24, p = 0.001), and fair agreement (κ = 0.29, p = 0.001) respectively. In conclusion, this is the first comprehensive epidemiological research that detects T. evansi using parasitological, serological, and molecular techniques in Oman. Furthermore, it is the first study that detects T. evansi type B (non-RoTat 1.2 VSG) in Oman and out of Africa. In this study, the morphometric measurement of T. evansi exhibited a ix relatively short total length compared with other studies. Certain risk factors associated with T. evansi prevalence have potential sources for disseminating T. evansi in the investigated area. Disease markers such as PCV can aid in the early detection of the disease. Further studies are highly needed to investigate the prevalence rates and type of T. evansi in other governorates and animal species. In addition, elaborating T. evansi pathogenicity in different animal species in the county can tremendously highlight the host-parasite relationship