The essence of studying the topic of the principle of state sovereignty over natural resources and the green economy lies in attempting to contain the core concept of sovereignty within a scientific and objective comparative methodology that combines scientific framing and theoretical frameworks - divided by most researchers into two parts: content and previous studies - and conceptual - terms, concepts, and objectives - in order to reach the ultimate goal represented by the true value embodied by this principle on one hand, and on the other hand, to monitor the most influential international variables in the concept of the principle of state sovereignty over its natural resources, and to give significance to the green economy as an alternative to the traditional economy, highlighting its role and importance in achieving sustainable development. Sustainable development is the development that meets the needs of people in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to achieve their goals. It is based on integrated sustainable economic growth, environmental supervision, and social responsibility. Studying this subject required from the researcher to use several methodologies, as each one complements the other in establishing the foundations of this research. The nature of the study focuses on describing and analyzing the sovereignty of the state and its right to exploit its natural resources. Therefore, I adopted the following methodologies in this study: Descriptive methodology: to describe and define many terms, functions, tasks, theories, opinions, legal materials, and laws related to the subject, Analytical methodology: focuses on discussing and interpreting the ideas of the subject, clarifying them in a way that removes any ambiguity or confusion. It aims to facilitate the reader's comprehension and understanding. It involves analyzing ideas, theories, and criticizing them, Comparative methodology: In this methodology, various definitions and similarities and differences between them are mentioned. It allows for a comprehensive understanding of everything that is ambiguous and can be explained easily and effortlessly. Finally, the Historical methodology: This methodology plays a prominent role in linking historical events, enabling the researcher to explore the future.