The Sultanate of Oman is one of the fortunate countries in the world with three of the most biologically productive seas bathing its coasts, i.e. the Arabian Gulf, the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Sea. The study of Oman ichthyofauna dates from the last half of the 19th century when Boulenger (1887) reported on the A. S. G. Jayakar collection of 172 species from the vicinity of Muscat City. Among these were 14 new species. In 1889, Boulenger studied the second A. S. G. Jayakar collection and described another six new species. From the late 19th to theend of the first quarter of the 20th century, several significant works were published on the presence and taxonomy of various fish species.