Background: Dyslipidemia is recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Its treatment has shown a decrease in cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. However, non-adherence prevalence among patients with dyslipidemia was reported to be high. Poor adherence to medications can negatively impact health outcomes. Purpose: The study aimed to identify factors contributing to lipid-lowering medication adherence among patients with hyperlipidemia in Oman. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design study was conducted to identify factors (socioeconomic factors, patient-related factors, and treatment-related factors) contributing to lipid-lowering medication adherence among patients with hyperlipidemia in Oman. A sample of 228 patients was recruited from an outpatient lipid clinic and LDL Apheresis Day care unit at Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH). Multiple linear regression was performed to identify the predictor factors for non-adherence to lipid lowering medication. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49.2 years (SD = 14.08, range = 18-85). The majority were male (54.8%), married (74.1%), and higher education (57%). Joint ache (51.8%) and muscle pain (51.4%) were the most common and frequent side effects of the lipid-lowering medication. MARS-5 adherence 68.5% of patients adhered to lipid lowering medication. Five variables (barriers, age, knowledge, sex and level of education) predict adherence significantly affected medication adherence. Conclusion: The study outcome may guide future interventional studies to improve lipid lowering medication adherence among patients with hyperlipidemia in O