The study aimed to build a training program to develop leadership competencies in higher education institutions in Sultanate of Oman. To achieve this, the reality of the leadership competencies of academics and administrators in higher education institutions in the Sultanate of Oman was diagnosed through six axes (personal and behavioral competencies, strategic thinking competencies, applied competencies, technical competencies, Communication competencies, human relations competencies), identifying the challenges facing the development of leadership competencies in these institutions, and the proposed methods for development from the point of view of the study sample . The study adopted the descriptive mixed-methods approach by collecting quantitative and qualitative data to achieve the study objectives, by using convergent Parallel design. The questionnaire was applied to a sample of 223 academics representing the targeted higher education institutions, and the interview was applied in the same time period to 24 academics in administrative positions. This procedure aimed to apply in-depth study to dig deeper into the data and obtain explanations of what the quantitative data results showed. The results also showed some challenges facing the process of developing leadership competencies, and suggest possible methods for developing them. The results of the study showed that the fact that leaders in higher education institutions in Sultanate of Oman possess leadership competencies, came with a “high” degree at the level of the instrument as a whole, and in terms of the arrangement of the axes (human relations competencies, communication and communication competencies, and personal and behavioral competencies) obtained a “very high” degree of approval. The results of the study showed a number of challenges facing the development of leadership competencies, the most prominent of which are the weak relationship between training needs and training programs, the lack of focus on evaluating training results, and the lack of equal opportunities to attend training courses. Upon the results of the study the study proposed training program to develop leadership competencies in higher education institutions in Sultanate of Oman in light of the findings of the study. Also, it recommended the necessity of leaders’ participations in planning the content of the development programs especially to those who are candidate for positions academic leader in higher education institutions.