This study aimed to identify the actuality of participatory educational supervision and its relation to the effectiveness of the performance of teachers in basic schools in the Sultanate of Oman and to identify the existence of statistically significant differences at the level of significance (α≤0.05) in the responses of the sample members due to the gender variables, experience and the qualifications. This study depended on the descriptive curriculum because it was suitable for the aims of this study. The questionnaire was used to collect data and information. It was applied to a sample of (706) teachers from the governorates of (Muscat, AlDakhiliya and Aldhahira). The results of the study showed that: The actuality of participatory supervision in the basic schools, in the Sultanate of Oman, was medium. The results, also, indicated that the effectiveness of the performance of the teachers, in the basic schools, in the Sultanate of Oman, was high in all fields. The study recommended several recommendations, the most important of which are: increasing the practice of participatory supervision to increase the effectiveness of teachers' performance in the field of education. Holding training courses for educational supervisors to develop their skills in the field of participatory supervision in their supervisory practices. Educating teachers about the role of participatory educational supervision to improve their teaching practices in teaching situations and to engage teachers in the development of supervisory plans.