The global community has witnessed during the last decade a great spread of information technology, which has brought a significant paradigm shift in humanity's lifestyles. Information technology has achieved many features, such as the flexibility in obtaining information, the speed and accuracy of transactions, as well as the dependence of major infrastructures on it. However, any feature may have dark side. Despite these important advantages, information technology forced the global community to face many challenges and risks that did not exist before. The rise of cyber-attacks during armed conflict has been characterised by a wide variety of effects not limited to computer data, but can also have a direct impact on the real world through direct impact, such as obstruction of nuclear power plants and hacking of air traffic control systems, which may result in catastrophic accidents resulting in loss of life and destruction of facilities. As the International Humanitarian Law aims to protect civilians and civilian objects, many legal experts sought to explore the possibility of applying its rules to cyber-attacks and their international criminal responsibility. This research aims to address a fundamental problem, which is the possibility of applying the rules and principles of the International Humanitarian Law on Cyber-attacks during armed conflicts and the extent to which such attacks may constitute war crimes that require international criminal responsibility. The research problem will be examined through a preliminary section highlighting the nature of cyber-attacks, and two chapters. The first chapter discusses the International Humanitarian Law principles governing cyber-attacks during armed conflicts, while the second chapter addresses international criminal responsibility for cyber war crimes