This research shows the civil liability of anesthesiologist through discussing the legal nature of the liability of the anesthesiologist and the elements of the civil liability and through studying the provisions of the civil liability of the anesthesiologist. This research aims at highlighting the attention span of The Arab legislations specially the Omani legislation regarding the medical liability in general including liability of the anesthesiologist. It also aims at demonstrating the views of Fiqh and The judiciary about the liability of the anesthesiologist. Moreover, it drives at taking the patient's interest into account in the light of the liability of the anesthesiologist without prejudice to his rights. This study showed that the Omani legislation has taken into consideration the interest of the patient and has broaden the scope of the liability of the anesthesiologist to protect the patient's interest as the weaker party. It is worthy saying that the Omani legislator and the other Arab legislations have confirmed the rights of the anesthesiologist by enacting laws and legal principles. However, there are shortcomings that would have been useful to be covered here but they were covered in the recommendations.