The system of compulsory licenses is a very important legal system to maintain a balance between the right of the inventor to exploit his legally protected invention and the right of the host State of the patent to make the best use of the invention exploited on its territory in the cases specified by law, which allows the host country in certain circumstances to issue a compulsory license to others. By using the invention subject to legal protection and without the permission of the patent owner, this makes the system of compulsory licenses a real and severe restriction on the owners of exclusive rights over the patent, which is addressed in this study The Libyan and Egyptian compared to the convention of education to find out the extent of the harmonization of these legislation in dealing with the issue of compulsory licensing and we see the imbalances and shortcomings and the extent of the compatibility of the legislation under study with international conventions in this regard, which gave this study great scientific momentum and the desired scientific importance.