This research falls into an introduction, five chapters and a conclusion. The Introduction narrows the material of the research, especially the type and place of the raw material. The first part also deals with the importance and goals of the texts chosen. Moreover, the chapter surveys previous studies on the subject, the methodology of this research, the plan of the study, and the challenges faced by the researcher. Chapter One, entitled "The Symbolism of Tradition on Modern Arabic Poetry", is divided into six sections. The sections investigate the concept of symbolism, the function of the symbol, its types, the concept of tradition, the significance of using tradition, the symbolism of tradition in Modern Arabic Poetry, successively. Chapter Two is entitled "The Religious Symbol in the Poetry of Mahmood Darwish", It consists of two sections: the first analyses the symbolism if figures, and the second the symbolism of rituals, prayer, and beliefs. Chapter Three, entitled "The Symbolism of Legends in the Poetry of Mahmood Darwish", deals with the most prominent legend-symbols used by Darwish in his poetry. Chapter Four is entitled "The Literary Symbol in the Poetry of Mahmood Darwish", It falls into three sections: the symbols of the Jaahili Age, the Amawi Age, and the Abbasi Age. Chapter Five, entitled "The Symbolism of History in the Poetry of Mahmood Darwish", analyses the most significant uses of historical figures and events as symbols. The study is summed up in the Conclusion where the most important findings of this research are.