The study aims to highlight the political position and civilization that Al Qabil had and its impact on the Sultanate and Imamate in Oman beginning from 1273A.H/1856A.D In this year sayyed Said bin Sultan died and the conflicts between his sons started in Oman and Zenzibar. At the year 1373A.H/1954A.D the conflicts ended and Imam Mohammed bin Abdullah Al Kalili died . Soon after , new conflicts started between the Immate led by Imam Galib bin Ali Al Hanai and sheikhs of AI Hanawia tribes led by sheikh Saleh bin Issa Al Harthi and Al Gafri tribes led by sheikh Suliman bin Himiar Al Nabhani. This study focuses on the british political role on those conflicts with regard to the political role Britain played in the Gulf region and its interference in Muscat Sultanate at that critical period of Oman's political history. In this study the researcher has used the descriptive approach that depends on describing the economic life. She also used the analytical method that depended on studying the political events and the scientific life from Arabic and foreign sources. The study is divided into four chapters. The first chapter deals with the political history of Al Qabil area from 1273A.H/1856A.D to 1314A.H/1896A.D and includes the political history of Oman and the role of sheikh Saleh in the period. The second chapter examine the political history of Al Qabil area from 1314A.H/1896A.D to 1373A.H/1954A.D and includes the political history during the chieftaincy of sheikh Issa bin Saleh and his sons Mohammed and Saleh. The third chapter addresses the intellrctual and scientific life in Al Qabil area whereas chapter four deals with economic life of the region. The study found anumber of results, including; 1. Al Qabil area plays vital political role in the development of prominent political events in Oman in the period of the nineteenth century till the mid of the twentieth century. 2. The vital scientific position of Al Qabil area emerged through the religious and scientific students who have flocked to it and through the literature produced in various fields 3. Despite the difficult economic period , Al Qabil area has experienced a stable economic state that affected the social life to great extent