The aim of the study is to identify, analyze and confirm the significance of factors affecting safety compliance behavior in the airfield workers of Muscat International Airport. The airfield is the part of airports dedicated to the movement of aircraft, landing, and take-off as well as taxiing in and out of the terminal gates. The airfield is a heavily congested area with multi stakeholders working harmoniously at the same time to deliver safe and timely service for passengers. Nonetheless, airfield accidents, if happened, can lead to fatalities or serious injuries. For that, airports employ state-of-the-art safety management systems to ensure the wellbeing of people. Practitioners reported that airfield safety violations, many times, are contributed due to behavioral aspects rather than a management system. Therefore, the motive of this study is to identify and analyze the behavioral factors that assist people working in the airfield to better follow and comply with airport safety rules. To achieve the aim of this study, a three-phase carefully designed methodology is proposed. The first phase is concerned with conducting a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) to extract factors from publications combined with an iterative process to cluster them. Thereafter, the data collection and statistical analysis starts. Here, an online questionnaire is used to collect data from the case study while employing a combined technique of Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) to identify the significance of factors and develop a prediction model aiming to monitor the changes, respectively. Accordingly, the third phase a framework on how to modify the safety policies. The proposed conceptual framework was implemented at Muscat International Airport as a case study. The SLR process puts on view a total of 33 sub-factors which are then grouped into eight main factors that affect safety compliance. The analyses revealed that work environment is the most influential factor on Safety Compliance. Further, SEM also confirmed the significance of individual attributes on herd behavior, and off-work environment on worker's motivation. The effect of work environment, knowledge and competency, and management factors were deemed significant on the airport organizational culture. In the selected case study, People and Culture, HSE and Airfield Operations are the airport's departments responsible for change monitoring and implementation. It is proposed that together they may form a review framework that utilizes the ANN perdition model. The role of each department in the proposed framework is as follows. People and Culture department collects and analyze data periodically from various stakeholders and composes results' report. Subsequently, HSE and Airfield Operations departments plan and implement suitable safety initiatives to deal with the reported safety concern. After the initiative implementation, feedback survey is sent to detect safety compliance behavioral changes from airfield workers.