Eating disorders (EDs) are syndromes characterized by abnormal eating patterns with extreme weight loss behaviors to avoid weight gain. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are the most common forms of EDs. They constitute a significant public health problem due to adverse health consequences resulting from improper eating practices. Eating disorders are a worldwide issue of concern due to their increasing prevalence among young adults in Arab and non-Arab cultures. They are associated with diverse biological, psychological, sociocultural, and developmental risk factors that can lead to several medical complications and psychiatric comorbidities. There are many studies on the relationships between knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) related to EDs in the regions of Asia, Europe, and the US; however, it is still an under researched area in the Middle East with insufficient data on KAP in university-going students. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the KAP towards EDs among undergraduate students at Sultan Qaboos University in Oman and to identify the determinants associated with knowledge level, positive attitudes, and appropriate practices toward EDs. The study sample comprised 239 undergraduate students (175 female and 64 male). The questionnaire was distributed via students' email. Overall, there were 37 knowledge, 88 attitude, and 65 practice items, the latter two based on a Likert scale. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants' baseline characteristics using mean (standard deviation) for continuous variables and proportions for categorical variables. Multiple linear regression was used to determine the variables associated with the KAP scores. Of the 239 participants who completed the questionnaire, 175 (73.22%) were female. The mean (SD) age of participants was 20.3 (3.0) years and ranged from 17 to 39, and almost all the participants were Omani. There was a considerable level of stress (the mean (SD) of the Perceived Stress Scale-4 score was 7.51 ± 3). The mean (SD) knowledge score in our study was 19.69 (5.07); the mean (SD) of the attitudes score was 44.97 (10.74), and the mean (SD) of the practice score was 45.70 (5.62). The multivariable analysis showed that females had a higher knowledge level than males, and students who had access to University resources had higher knowledge than students who lacked access to University resources. Higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with poorer attitude. Students whose fathers attained lower than master's educational level and those who did not have access to online EDs resources had poorer attitude scores. Lastly, increasing BMI was negatively associated with the practice scores. The results revealed a general lack of knowledge regarding EDs, so educational intervention programs are needed to enhance knowledge about EDs among university students and to adopt better attitudes and behaviors.