Summary of the study did not highlight the drug phenomenon in the Sultanate of Oman at the same level compared to other countries, but a phenomenon exists, which requires highlight and fight in the bud before they get worse and thus difficult to control, the Omani government has attached great importance to drug control at the international level acceded to all interational conventions aimed to reduce this phenomenon, and confirms statistics issued by the security authorities in the State that this phenomenon continues to grow in spite of all efforts, This phenomenon has been occupied by the spread of drugs among young people in recent times the forefront and has become a social phenomenon represents one of the most serious problems facing children in Omani society. Thus the researcher choose this topic to study. The study aims to identify the causes and factors leading to addiction, as well as identification of the social implications, and therefore access to the perception of the role of social service in the face of this phenomenon, this study is Exploratory approach which has social survey sampled, In terms of the tools used in the field of data collection tools, Interview first tool for drug addicts and the sample (24) drug addicts receiving treatment clinic addiction Ibn Sina hospital, while the other tool is an Interview officials and specialists from directing and the prevention and treatment of drug and the number was (21) individuals. One of the most important results of this study indicated that 75% of the study sample (drug addicts) are in the age group 25 years and over, and 71% of them fall into the category of unmarried, and 58% lower educational level of Secondary, and 96% injecting heroin. Most of the interviewees study sample (drug addicts) that the leisure and bad friends one of the main factors behind the indicate, and the majority of them cause health effects of addiction and sexually different social impact Kaltevek prisoners and psychological effects for example, mental illness and economic impacts of separating from work. One of the most important recommendations that came out of this study is to intensify surveillance on different outlets and educate young people about the risks posed by drugs.