The study aimed to identify the role of academic libraries in Omani Universities, in promoting awareness of the risks and methods of social engineering through evaluating the awareness among the staff working in the academic libraries about social engineering, also identifying the roles and programs offered by the academic libraries in Oman's universities to promoting awareness on social engineering. It also aimed to identify the challenges encountered by the mentioned libraries to raise awareness of social engineering and its methods. The study adopted Mixed methods approaches the convergent parallel design method to collect data where quantitative data was collected through questionnaires to achieve the first objective. A community that included 147 information specialists working in academic libraries did the study. Out of those, 78 questionnaires got a positive result of approximately %53. Qualitive data collected by using the interviewing process to achieve the second and third goals. The study community included 32 General Managers or their deputies. The response rate for the interview was 16. The Quantitive data analyzed by the Descriptive and inferential analysis using SPSS. The qualitative data analyzed by the objective analysis by following its methods in defining the units of analysis. The study produced a set of results and the most important of which are: high awareness of social engineering concepts such as phishing among academic library staff, and a high frequency of using social networks and applications in general. The results also showed a high technical awareness related to the nature of activities and practices on social networks while the legislative awareness of the nature of activities and practices on social networks was medium and the organizational awareness was high. The qualitative results showed that academic libraries pass their messages related to raising awareness of the dangers of social engineering through a set of activities, procedures and initiatives. As organizational policies to ensure information security and cybersecurity, technical measures represented in technological infrastructure protection systems, training courses and workshops in the field of cyber security, Community initiatives (external programs) for the external community. The results of the study also showed the existence of some challenges encountered by academic libraries to spread awareness of the dangers of social engineering, represented in poor awareness of senior management of the tasks and new roles of information specialists. The lack of qualified staff, and the limited knowledge of information specialists in the new roles in light of social responsibility. The study came out with a set of recommendations, most notably: the need to raise awareness among higher administration in academic libraries of the modern roles and tasks of information specialists through coordination with library departments and professional associations in the Sultanate of Oman, in order to set plans and strategies for development and training. The need to activate the role of information specialists in social responsibility in spreading awareness of cybersecurity risks.