Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder among both children and adults. Recently, antioxidant-therapies have gained a lot of attention among scientists working on ADHD. Accordingly, the present study aimed at investigating the potential neuroprotective roles of gallic acid (GA) and ellagic acid (EA) in a trimethyltin chloride (TMT)-induced animal model, which is a wellknown model for ADHD. In so doing, 80 pregnant Wistar rats were divided into eight groups, including control (saline only), sham (9mg/kg TMT+saline), GA (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg GA+ 9 mg/kg TMT respectively) and EA (10, 25 and 50 mg/kg EA+ 9 mg/kg TMT respectively). All TMT injections, as well as GA and EA, gavages were done on gestational days (GDs) 12 to 14 and GDs16 to 18, as these days are known to be crucial in the brain development of the embryos. To find out the effect of these antioxidants on the animals' behavior, four behavioral tests were conducted including elevated-plus maze, open field test, T-maze, and five-choice serial reaction time task. Findings of the behavioral studies showed statistically significant differences among the sham and treatment groups in terms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, which suggested that GA and EA would be useful in the prevention of ADHD. These differences were observed either in all or in some dosages of EA and GA. The molecular biology study mainly focused on five important genes involved in the onset of ADHD, namely 5HT2A, Dat1, SLC6A2, DRD4, and DRD5. Our results revealed that EA and GA upregulated the expression of these genes, either in all or in some dosages. Further, the biochemical parameters were analyzed to find out the effects of GA and EA in a vii TMT-induced ADHD model. These included brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nitric oxide, 4-hydroxynonenal, paraoxonase1, and total antioxidant capacity. The present study indicated that these parameters were altered significantly among the sham and treatment groups, either in all or in some dosages of EA and GA. Finally, the histopathological results were presented and the brain changes during the study were discussed through transmission electron microscopy and light microscopy. This study is congruent with the emerging literature suggesting that antioxidants have the potential to impact the symptoms of ADHD. Therefore, certain dosages of EA and GA were suggested to be used as alternatives to medical therapies. However, there is still a need for extensive research to find out the beneficial effects of these antioxidants on ADHD.