This paper presents an analysis of technical efficiency of fishery in the Chabahar region, Southern Iran. Chabahar is in the northern end of the Gulf of Oman, is an important case study, having access to 200 km of unspoiled long coastline rich in different varieties of marine life, and fishery is one of the most important economic activities in the region. A Cobb–Douglas stochastic production frontier, including a model for vessel-specific inefficiencies was applied to obtain technical efficiency for a sample of 300 fishing vessels including 166 inshore operating vessels and 134 offshore operating vessels in the study area. Results provide key information on the relative efficiencies, output elasticities, returns to scale, and the economic performance of each fishing vessel.