This study aims to explore the political opposition movements against the Abbasid State in Iraq at the age of Caliph Al Mamoun (198-218 AH/ 813-833 AD) and to look into the reasons that led to rise of those oppositions and focus on the policy that was adopted by Caliph Al Mamoun in managing them. The study also highlights the driving persons and impacts of those oppositions on the Abbasid State. In his study, the researcher relied on the historical, descriptive, analytical methodology to achieve the objectives of the study. The study is divided into introduction, background, three chapters and conclusions that contained results of the study, list of bibliography and references which are applied in the study. Introduction addressed importance, objectives and applied methodology of the study and literatures related to the matter of the study. . Background presented general explanation of the reasons for opposition movements against the Abbasid State from its establishment. Chapter one discussed the matter of Khalifa Al-Maamoun and his internal policy. In Chapter two, the study focused on Alawid Opposition movement in Iraq. Chapter Three was dedicated to discussion of various political opposition movements in the region of Iraq and the ruling authority's attitude towards them The study drew results that were included in the conclusion of dissertation, mainly: emergence of number of opposition movements at the age of Caliph Al Mamoun. The study revealed the reasons that led to emergence of oppositions at the era of Caliph Al Mamoun towards opposition movements. It also highlighted side of the personality of Caliph Al Mamoun in his dealing with the leaders of movements, which was sometimes flexible and kind and sometimes harsh.