The Omani Indian oil sardine is considered among the most important fisheries in Oman. In this study we investigated the Fecundity (F) and Gonadosomatic (GSI) of a total of 70 mature Indian oil sardines collected from the coastal region of Muscat. The fecundity of the fish ranged between 5500 and 60000 with an average of 19000. A significant linear regression was found between F and fish Total Length (TL); Fish Weight (FW) and Gonad Weight (GW). The regression equations were found to be: F = 2982.1TL-28681; F = 927.02FW- 17214 and F = 15748GW - 3891.8. The results of the correlation regression were 0.966437; 0.796241 and 0.877952, respectively. The GSI analysis indicated that Omani Indian oil sardines show two major spawning peaks; March-April and during August.