Worldwide, consumers prefer using single-used primary batteries over rechargeable secondary batteries, as they are maintenance-free and low-cost. In Oman, primary data on the primary batteries' consumption rate is not available as well as the regulations related to the management. This study is considered the first study in Oman, which is mainly focused on three main aspects, the assessment of primary batteries consumption, their waste management, and investigating their environmental impact in the landfills. The area of the study was done at Wilayat A' Seeb in Muscat Governorate for three sources namely households, educational institutions, and other institutions. Spent primary batteries were collected from the three sources purposely to investigate the types of batteries consumed within these sources. Special boxes designed for the collection were distributed in 22 educational institutions, 2 hospitals, 2 public service institutions, and 2 military establishments to collect their spent batteries within 3 – 4 months. Approximately 83 Kg of battery waste was collected from the sources with 3294 units of batteries. Alkaline batteries were found to have the highest percentage (60.8%), followed by Zinc-carbon batteries with a percentage of 34.4%. Approximately 60% of the alkaline batteries were collected from the other institutions alone. The estimation of the batteries' consumption, their waste management, and consumer awareness toward their environmental impact was investigated through a survey specified for each source located at Wilayat A' Seeb. Approximately 400 respondents from households, and 69 respondents from educational institutions, 33 respondents from other institutions participated in the survey. The survey results showed that alkaline batteries are more preferably used in other institutions followed by educational institutions, and then in households with 82%, 74%, and 62% respectively. On the other hand, Zinc-carbon batteries were more consumed compared to other sources by 28%. The study also revealed that higher education institutions and private schools were the large consumers with a purchase cost of more than 100 OMR per year, by 60% and 40%, respectively. It was also found that about 55% of the health sector consumes more than 300 batteries during the year, at a purchase cost of 100-200 OMR. However, more than 94% of households, and about 60% of institutions, used to dispose of battery waste with MSW. While the results also showed a quite good percentage of spent batteries collected in recycling bins in other institutions and educational institutions by 18.2% and 8.7% respectively. The survey's results also indicated that most of the households' respondents were not sufficiently aware of the environmental impact of battery waste may pose, while laboratory technicians in educational institutions and maintenance and support staff in other institutions were more aware compared to other professionals. The environmental impact of dumping battery waste in the landfill was investigated by simulating the landfill in a column experiment which mainly relied on the interaction between the infiltrate input and the solid waste inside the column. By using three types of treatments, 100% battery, 100% MSW, and Mixed (95% MSW & 5% battery), results showed the release of Zn was 100% battery > Mixed > 100% MSW, which eventually proved the impact of mixing battery waste with MSW in the landfill. The effect of different pH and volume of the input added was investigated on the release of Zn metal. The results showed that leachate generated with acidic input (pH4) was lower than neutral input (pH7). Results also showed that the acidic input lowered the pH of generated leachate, hence lowering the Zn concentration. On the other hand, leachate generated from neutral input was found with higher Zn concentration, and with higher volume input (200 ml / 5 days), Zn concentration was increased more at both 100% battery and mixed columns. The results of this research can give a general view of the extent of battery consumption in Oman, and thus the amount of waste generated can be estimated accordingly. More studies on the estimation of battery waste generation are highly recommended to help the decision makers make the right regulations and policies of battery waste management suitable to be applied in Oman.