This is an analytical study of the case of the deposal of Imam al Salt b. Malik and its political consequences and intellectual implications in the third and fourth centuries A.H., the ninth and tenth centuries A.D. The main idea behind this study is focused on the following: The discussion of the different aspects of the case are fully considered: its causes, the role of Muslim scholars and tribal chiefs in connection with this case . In this respect there is a special emphasis on the intellectual and political heritage of the history of the two most prominent schools of thought. These were mainly the schools of Rustaq and Nizwa and their famous scholars. The researcher adopted the analytical method which depends on reading the historical texts and the analysis of the related material on the subject. The study is divided into an introduction, four chapters and conclusion. The first is preparatory chapter dealing with the reign of Imam al-Salt as will as with the major events during his rule on the internal and external levels, the most important of which was his campaign on Socotra. The second chapter concentrates on the opposition movement to the rule of the Imam, the factors behind its success and the attitude of contemporary Muslim scholars towards this movement. The third chapter deals with the political results of the deposal of Imam al Salt b. Malik. The fourth chapter considers the intellectual effects which coincided with this event and the different opinions of the scholars of the two schools of Rustaq and Nizwa on this controversy. Finally, the study covers the significant results and conclusions of the research project. It confirms the fact that ideology and politics are two faces of the same coin and that the role played by Muslim scholars was fundamental during that age. The atmosphere of intellectual freedom contributed to their participation in the political life and allowed their views to be expressed honestly and freely.