The study aimed to identify: the reality of social work practice in the medical field, the difficulties faced by the social worker in medical facilities, and proposed role of the social worker in the medical field. The current study was conducted based on a descriptive methodology. The researcher selected a sample consists of: a number of employees in the medical field including doctors, nurses, and administrators, a number of patients, and all social workers in Muscat Governorate hospitals. However, hospitals include: Khoula Hospital, Royal Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Al-Nahdha Hospital, Al Massarrah Hospital. The data collection tools include: a questionnaire applied with: doctors, nurses and administrators; and an interview with patients and social workers. Validity and reliability was considered as regard to data collection tools. Collected data was analyzed with appropriate statistical techniques. The findings of the study described the role of social workers in the medical field either with: the patient and his family, or with the medical team, the management of medical institution, and with the external community. In addition, the study revealed some difficulties faced by social worker related to: the patient and his family, the medical team, the management of the medical institutions, and the environment potentialities, In light of previous findings, the study concluded several suggestions to overcome these difficulties; and it offered a proposed role of social worker in the medical field.