English abstract
This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of a training program, using remembering strategies, on the development of working memory of a sample of basic education students (cyclel) at 4th grade in Muscat Governorate through training them on remembering strategies. To achieve the study objective, semi-experimental approach was used, as it suites the study demands and hypothesis, through applying the electronic version of Children Working Memory Battery prepared by (Alloway, 2007), Arabicization and Codification (Suleiman, 2010). This is to measure the development occurred in the working memory components. Also, a training program based on remembering strategies prepared by the researcher was used on a sample of (57) boys and girls students distributed randomly into two groups: experimental one which consisted of (29) boys and girls students, and controlled which consisted of (28) boys and girls students. Equivalence between the two groups has been made according to intelligence and pre-test.
The training program validity was assured through referees. The training program consisted of (14) training sessions including two sessions weekly and the whole training lasted one month and a half. The reliability of the battery has been calculated using two methods: re application and (Cronbach's-alpha); and One-Way ANOVA, Multivariate Analysis of Variance, MANCOVA, and Repeated Measures all have been used to measure differences betwee and follow-up scores of the two groups. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the three working memory components (verbal, center executive, and visual- spatial) and generally in the working memory level between the experimental and controlled groups in the post-test in favor of the experimental group. There were also statistically significant differences in the experimental group between the three tests averages (pre, post, and follow-up) in all working memory components and in the working memory level in general in favor of follow-up test. A number of recommendations and suggestions have been made.
