English abstract
Diabetes is a global problem with a very high prevalence in Oman, Diabetes has been found to be associated with having a lower Quality of Life (QOL) and higher levels of anxiety and depression. Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT) has been found to result in better anthropometrics and biochemical values, MNT has also been found to result in higher QOL and lower anxiety and depression levels. Nutrition Quality of Life (NQOL) is a new tool that is designed to assess the QOL in patients coping with nutritional problems. Few studies have been conducted to investigate the NQOL among different clinical conditions, but none was conducted on people with diabetes. Thus, the goal of this study is to investigate the relationship between NQOL and depression and anxiety in a sample of Omani patients with type 2 diabetes based on their history of glycemic control, History of Medical Nutrition Therapy (HMNT) and anthropometrics in primary health care.
A sample of 149 adults with type 2 diabetes was randomly included from seven PHCS from all six Willayats of Muscat. NQOL survey version 1.4 was translated into Arabic and used to assess NQOL in participants, Previously translated and validated Arabic version of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to assess anxiety and depression. Demographic data and surveys were filled via face to face interviews. Anthropometrics were measured by a staff nurse and the newest HbA1c value recorded no more than one year from the date of interview was solicited from the participants' medical records. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS program.
Out of the sample study, 69.8% were females, 52.3% were of low income group (<400. RO per month), 71.1% had uncontrolled diabetes, 85,2% were overweight or obese, . 75.8% had undesired waist circumference and 38.9% were illiterate. A high proportion of the sample admitted compliance to diet (61.1%) and physical activity (51.0%) while a small proportion admitted smoking (5.4%) and drinking alcohol (3.4%). Based on the total HADS score, anxiety subscale and depression subscale, 17.5%, 16.1% and 23.5% of the study sample were classified as definite and doubtful cases, respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between NQOL with total HADS (r=-0.590, p=0.000) and its subscales, anxiety (r=-0.597, p=0.000) and depression (r=-0.435, p=0.000). Therefore, MNT should be improved in Oman for better NQOL and lower anxiety and depression levels among people with diabetes
