This thesis focuses on the study of criminal protection of child under Omani law whereas the criminal protection of child deals with children's rights, exceptions, any criminal actions, commission of offences and their punishment under criminal law and justice system whenever children's rights are violated or jeopardized or an attemptation towards these rights is made by any person. A descriptive, doctrinal and normative research methodology is used to compare and analyze the research questions that are addressed in the light of children's rights under criminal law and justice system. This dissertation contains three chapters, starting with the introductory chapter which deals with brief definition of used terminology and scope of the study as well as the rights of the child in the international conventions and approach of the criminal laws in dealing with the commission of offences and attempts towards Child's Rights, whereas the first and second chapters had a substantive side of the study. The first chapter focuses on the offences against the right of the child's life, and the right to the integrity of his own body, according to the statement of the Omani legislators and comparative laws, and Chapter Il deals with the Penal Protection for the domestic situation of the Child and his ethics. The findings of this study are a set of recommendations which have to make some adjustments on each of the penal law and children's rights to fill the gaps and flaws of the criminal legal system, to provide best penal protection to childs.