This research sheds light on personal data, which is considered a great wealth and can be classified as a great source of income for countries and companies. The processing of personal data threatens and affects human affairs if data is exploited in a deviant and faulty fashion. Therefore, this research aims to study the collection and processing of personal data, and the statutory laws that deal with these processes. This study compares Omani personal data Protection law issued by Royal Decree No. 6/2022 to the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and some Arabic legislation. The study starts by an introductory chapter, which defines personal data and discusses its types. In addition, the first chapter addresses the legal framework for the protection of personal data by determining when commercial companies are qualified as a controller or a processor of personal data and discussing the rights of the data subject. The second chapter deals with the compliance of commercial companies with the requirements of personal data protection. The first section of the second chapter deals with the conditions and obligations imposed on commercial companies that process personal data, the penalties for violating these conditions and obligations, and the violation of the rights of individuals stipulated in those laws separately. The researcher concluded that the Omani law lacked clarity in terms of the executive mechanisms and procedures for protecting personal data despite the comprehensiveness of those rules. Perhaps the reason for this is that the legislator postponed the issuance of their executive regulations until further notice. Furthermore, the Omani legislator was satisfied with setting penal fines for violating its provisions, and did not set penalties and penalties that restrict freedom, which may allow some, especially those with significant wealth, to abuse the personal data of individuals without a real deterrent, as experiences have proven that penalties that restrict freedom are more deterrent and sterner than general penalties, whether administrative or penal.