Nowadays, social engineering is indicated as the most important method used for hacking. This method has increasingly become more popular since most countries adopted digital transformation. The purpose of this study was to investigate Omani society's awareness of social engineering techniques in light of digital transformation for government services in the Sultanate of Oman. This awareness was measured in a sample of employees and students at the University of Technology and Applied Sciences by distributing a questionnaire designed for this purpose. This study provided a theoretical framework for the concept of social engineering in the field of information security and clarified the techniques and methods used in penetration testing using this type. The concept of digital transformation was clarified and some international statistics about the Sultanate of Oman in this field were given. Later, the results and analysis of the questionnaire were reviewed and discussed, with recommendations and suggestions to reduce social engineering. The results of the study indicate poor awareness of some aspects of security breaches that occur through social engineering. Moreover, some practices and behaviors of individuals while using digital government services are present in this study that expose them to hacking easily, with some challenges to awareness of the seriousness of social engineering. This in turn leads governments and organizations to increase security awareness at the level of individuals and institutions so that the digital transformation is capable of facing cyber security threats and setting appropriate security policies to address them.